Public Administration in Northern Ireland Essay

Public Administration in Northern Ireland - Essay Example (2) A brief time line of RPA 2002 RPA was initiated 2003 RPA consultation was launched 2004 The consultation finished 2005 In august, second stage started, in September second stage closes, in November lord rooker denounced results of RPA process. 2006 June 2006 a briefing by NICVA [Northern Ireland Council for Voluntary Action], In December Gavin Boyd appointed Chief Executive Designate of Education and Skills Authority. (3) 2007 In July a review of local government's issues of RPA was launched by environmental minister. 2008 13th march Forster, environmental minister, explained the possible future shape by creating more 11 local governments keeping the already existing 26. (2) Why is it so late to implement RPA Considering the above-stated facts, one can understand the huge task which was initiated in 2002 and termed as RPA [review of public administration] is far better fitted in theory than in practice. It is almost impossible to meet the time frame and maintain harmony with all these councils, local governments and with the departments keeping the system of checks balances intact. Some factors are highlighted here. Timeframe which is not enough for RPA Possible lack of Co-ordination between different departments. Weak legislative support is another reason A must need of agreed framework of execution of RPA. The sharing of responsibilities between local councils and community and organizations within the RPA boundary is not that easy task. The separation of tasks and efficiency checking program is still unclear by the departments causing further delay. Conclusion Though RPA offers a good opportunity for local governments and organizations to propagate in public sectors, yet, the...(1) All these reforms are to be implemented through councils, community planning, primary care-led commission groups and various other tools to help public administration working in practise and not just theory for the welfare of the people. But the provided timeframe for such huge alteration of administrational structure and making it efficient is clearly too short for undergo these changes practically. Considering the above-stated facts, one can understand the huge task which was initiated in 2002 and termed as RPA [review of public administration] is far better fitted in theory than in practice. It is almost impossible to meet the time frame and maintain harmony with all these councils, local governments and with the departments keeping the system of checks balances intact. Some factors are highlighted here. Though RPA offers a good opportunity for local governments and organizations to propagate in public sectors, yet, the uncertainty and confusion it brought over years can not be ignored and immediate steps must be taken to make the slow process fast. The review of public administration in Northern Ireland, initiated in 2002, aimed at particular and specified targets achievement factor to enhance efficiency and improvement in public sector involving Health, Education, Finances, legislative, executive co-ordination and

International Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Law - Essay Example (Grant, 1999, p. 1) That refers to the notion that declaratory convention seemed to reduce the inconsistency of legal entities to some states and some non states. However, both conventions ignored critical factors and requirements of legal personality. Instructions as to how, as a practical matter, recognition is to be extended can only be analyzed from the doctrines by implication. The doctrines do not take adequate account of the composite character of the state, ignoring that statehood is probably best described as a bundle of rights, obligations, and functions. And neither doctrine directly addresses where recognition falls along the spectrum between law and politics. While highlighting the needs of the International Community, there is no doubt that the Montevideo formula was drawn up at a time when self-determination was not generally recognized as a 'need' in international law, and when the implications of the nascent rule prohibiting the use of force between states had not been worked out. That makes it even odder to debate the statehood of entities such as Palestine in terms of the Convention's hackneyed formula. (Gill & Talmon, 1999, p. 113) Montevideo Convention gives a satisfactory definition of the state ... (Grant, 1999, p. 3) The central implication of this is that whether or not an entity has become a state depends on the actions of existing states. Recognition by others renders an entity a state; non recognition consigns the entity to non-statehood. Though attributes such as possession of territory, stable power over a defined population, and capacity to respect international agreements are elements of statehood, to the convention these are for nothing in the absence of recognition. Recognition perfects statehood and statehood refers to 'personality'. Moreover, extending or withholding recognition is a political act. In the words of Lauterpacht, "the constitutive conception of statehood deduces the legal existence of new States from the will of those already established". (Grant, 1999, p. 3) With reference to the legal personality, when state consent was taken as an essential ingredient to all international legal rules, a theory of recognition was preferred which did not posit principles binding on all states. The convention minimized the role of law in the recognition of states. With its emphasis on the power of states to invest legal personality in other international communities, convention accented the character of states as free political actors. Following from this, convention implied a world arena absent rights or rules. Regarding the situation, George Schwarzenberger proposed, "New entities which may fulfil the requirements of international persons have no right to recognition". (George, 1951) The declaratory conception of state recognition denies that the act of recognition alone imparts legal personality. The declaratory conception detaches statehood from the unilateral and